Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for maintaining an active and healthy life. Given the growing risks associated with increased demands for natural resources, social transition, political instability, trade barriers, climate change, and economic inequality, building a resilient, secure global food system is essential. This article reviews current research in this area, critically summarizes the varied efforts that are underway, and candidly questions our ability to address evolving threats to agri-food supply chains.